Qatar's emir began a state visit to Spain as Europe seeks to diversify its natural gas supply sources to reduce its energy dependence on Russia.

Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad Al-Thani was welcomed by King Felipe VI at Madrid's royal palace at the start of his two-day visit, his first to Spain since he ascended the throne in 2013.

The emir, who is accompanied by Qatar's foreign and energy ministers, is scheduled to hold talks with Prime Minister Pedro Sanchez.

Spain and Qatar are expected to sign a dozen economic and commercial contracts during his visit, mainly regarding energy, according to a Spanish government source.

The visit comes as the European Union is aiming to cut its reliance on Russian gas by two-thirds this year due to Russia's invasion of  Ukraine.

Russia currently supplies around 40% of Europe's gas needs.

Qatar, which has the third-largest natural gas reserves in the world, is currently Spain's fifth-biggest supplier of natural gas after the United States, Algeria, Nigeria and Egypt.

The country accounted for 4.4% of Spain's total gas imports in April and the Spanish government hopes this share could increase.

"We are working closely with our European counterparts" on the long-term supply of liquefied natural gas (LNG), commented Qatar's ambassador to Spain, Abdullah Al-Hamar.

The emir of Qatar's trip to Europe will also include visits to Germany, Britain, Slovenia and Switzerland, where he will attend the World Economic Forum which will run in the mountain resort of Davos from May 22-26.